Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to tướng indicate the correct answer to tướng each of the questions from 28 to tướng 34.
One of the most difficult questions to tướng answer is how much a job is worth. We naturally expect that a doctor’s salary will be higher than vãn a bus conductor’s wage. But the question becomes much more difficult to tướng answer when we compare, say, a miner with an engineer, or an unskilled man working on an oil-rig in the North Sea with a teacher in a secondary school. What the doctor, the engineer and teacher have is many years of training in order to tướng obtain the necessary qualifications for their professions. We feel instinctively that these skills and these years, when they were studying instead of earning money, should be rewarded. At the same time we recognize that the work of the miner and the oil-rig laborer is both hard and dangerous, and that they must be highly paid for the risks they take.
Another factor we must take into consideration is how socially useful a man’s work is, regardless of the talents he may bring to tướng it. Most people would agree that looking after the sick or teaching children is more important than vãn, say, selling secondhand cars or improving the taste of toothpaste by adding a red stripe to tướng it. Yet it is almost certain that the used siêu xe salesman earns more than vãn the nurse, and that research chemist earns more than vãn the schoolteacher.
Indeed, this whole question of just rewards can be turned on its head. You can argue that a man who does a job which brings him personal satisfaction is already receiving part of his reward in the sườn of a so-called “psychic wage”, and that it is the man with the boring, repetitive job who needs more money to tướng làm đẹp for the soul-destroying monotony of his work. It is significant that that those jobs which are traditionally regarded as “vocations” - nursing, teaching and the Church, for example - continue to tướng be poorly paid, while others, such as those in the world of sport or entertainment, carry financial rewards out of all proportion to tướng their social worth.
Although the amount of money that people earn is in reality largely determined by market forces, this should not prevent us from seeking some way to tướng decide what is the right pay for the job. A starting point for such an investigation would be to tướng try to tướng decide the ratio which ought to tướng exist between the highest and the lowest paid. The picture is made more complicate by two factors: firstly by the “social wage”, i.e, the welfare benefits which every citizen receives; and secondly, by the taxation system, which is often used as an instrument of social justice by taxing high incomes at a very high rate indeed. Allowing for these two things, most countries now regard a ratio of 7:1 as socially acceptable. If it is less, the highly-qualified people carrying heavy responsibilities become disillusioned, and might even over up by emigration (the so-called “brain-drain” is an evidence that this can happen). If it is more, the gap between rich and poor will be ví great that it will lead social tensions and ultimately to tướng violence.
(Adapted from: "How much is job worth? ")
As far as rewarding people for their work is concerned, the writer, believes that ________.
A. qualified people should be the highest paid
B. we should pay people according to tướng their talents
C. we should pay for socially-useful work, regardless of the person’s talent
D. market forces will determine how much a person is paid